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Chapter 8 Information Systems Lifecycle And Project Management Flashcards

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The system development life cycle involves end-to-end people, processes and technology deployments, which includes software, infrastructure and change management. The software development life cycle focuses exclusively on software components, such as development planning, technical architecture, software quality testing and the actual deployment of the software. Put simply, the system development life cycle is more holistic and comprehensive. During this phase, the new or enhanced system is installed in the production environment, users are trained, data is converted, the system is turned over to the sponsor, and business processes are evaluated.

Project management creates the work breakdown structure, which is a product-oriented tree of hardware, software, data, facilities, and services. It displays and defines the products to be developed and relates the elements of work to be accomplished to each other and to the end product. It provides structure for guiding team assignments and cost and tracking control.

Waterfall Model System Development Life Cycle

Working with the same or similar hardware for years means they’re likely comfortable with using it. However, it can limit their performance, whereas companies that update more frequently can expand their capabilities and continually increase productivity. System management must be accomplished in a manner that does not interfere with business operations. Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used to determine acceptable system performance. Develop detailed data and process models including system inputs and outputs. Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be supported, e.g., verify what information drives the business process, what information is generated, who generates it, where does the information go, and who processes it.

It is critical for the project manager to establish and monitor control objectives during each SDLC phase while executing projects. Control objectives help to provide a clear statement of the desired result or purpose and should be used throughout the entire SDLC process. Control objectives can be grouped into major categories , and relate to the SDLC phases as shown in the figure. Have a software application and/or hardware patching process that is performed regularly in order to eliminate software bug and security problems being introduced into Userflow’s technology environment. Patches and updates must be applied within ninety days of release to provide for adequate testing and propagation of software updates. Emergency, critical, break-fix, and zero-day vulnerability patch releases must be applied as quickly as possible.

Why Is Software Development Cycle More Preferable Than Product Life Cycle?

With a dedicated lifecycle management team, you’ll be able to save money and make the most of your resources. From procurement to disposition, your team will help you decide how long to keep your assets based on cost and ROI, as well as whether or not they serve the same purposes they did when you first purchased them. They will also assist you in making better-informed decisions in the future when it comes to buying new equipment. With newer assets, your employees will face fewer support issues caused by old or incompatible elements, meaning more time for them to work. The latest equipment will also provide them with the best tools for success, such as heightened security measures and improved computational systems.

They are usually involved from the beginning stages of a project and up until the post-evaluation review of the solution. The seventh and final phase involves maintenance and regular required updates.

Resource management Find the best project team and forecast resourcing needs. Overview & benefits Learn why customers choose Smartsheet to empower teams to rapidly build no-code solutions, align across the entire enterprise, and move with agility to launch everyone’s best ideas at scale. It can be challenging to know what time is right for replacing your assets. It may seem more comfortable to hold onto older models and continue to perform maintenance. Still, there’s a point where you can begin to lose money by continually investing in outdated computers and units. Also, struggling with the slower speeds and clunkier operations that often come with outdated equipment can eat away at your employees’ time when they could be working on other projects, reducing productivity across the board. In general, old equipment can impact the overall performance of your team.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of System Development Life Cycle

The fifth phase involves systems integration and system testing —normally carried out by a Quality Assurance professional—to determine if the proposed design meets the initial set of business goals. Testing may be repeated, specifically to check for errors, bugs and interoperability. Another part of this phase is verification and validation, both of which will help ensure the program”s successful completion. The conceptual design stage is the stage where an identified need is examined, requirements for potential solutions are defined, potential solutions are evaluated and a system specification is developed. The system specification represents the technical requirements that will provide overall guidance for system design. Because this document determines all future development, the stage cannot be completed until a conceptual design review has determined that the system specification properly addresses the motivating need. This policy applies to all users performing software development, system administration, and management of these activities within Userflow.

With the vision of meeting the customers needs, the bank has requested your services to examine the current system and to come up with solutions or recommendations of how the current system can be provided to meet its needs. The design stage takes as its initial input the requirements identified in the approved requirements document. For each requirement, a set of one or more design elements will be produced as a result of interviews, workshops, and/or prototype efforts. Develop a detailed security test plan for current and future versions (i.e., regression testing).

He is an expert having technical and interpersonal skills to carry out development tasks required at each phase. The following diagram shows the complete life cycle of the system during analysis and design phase.

For businesses from large to small, the technologies you implement should help make your work easier. Your equipment should allow your employees more time and resources to handle non-automatable tasks, while the tech handles computational and organizational matters.

System analysts research problems, discover solutions, recommend a course of action, coordinate with stakeholders, select resources, and design action plans to reach a goal and meet pre-defined requirements. They are experts at studying a system, process, or procedure to come up with the best solutions. The system development life cycle helps alleviate the complexity of developing a system information system from scratch, within a framework of structured phases that help shape the project and manage it easily. Given the complexity of the method, there are numerous methodologies out there that help manage and control the system development process.

Even though some steps are more difficult than others, none are to be overlooked. An oversight could prevent the entire system from functioning as planned. The fourth phase is when the real work begins—in particular, when a programmer, network engineer and/or database developer are brought on to do the major work on the project. This work includes using a flow chart to ensure that the process of the system is properly organized.

The Secure Systems Development Lifecycle defines security requirements and tasks that must be considered and addressed within every system, project or application that is created or updated to address a business need. The SSDLC is used to ensure that security is adequately considered and built into each phase of every system development lifecycle . Regardless of the process implemented and the tools used, all require the crucial element of documentation to support findings, close iterative phases, and to analyze success. Today’s increasing demand for data and information security also factor into the overall planning, training, testing, and deployment of a system. Following each phase of a system development life cycle the team and project manager may establish a baseline or milestones in the process. The baseline may include start date, end date, phase/stage duration, and budget data. Those involved in the SDLC include the c-suite executives, but it is the project/program managers, software and systems engineers, users, and the development team who handle the multi-layered process.

A software application typically undergoes several development lifecycles, corresponding to its creation and subsequent upgrades. Such projects continue until the underlying technology ages to the point where it is no longer economical to invest in upgrades and the application is considered for either continued as-is operation or retirement. No field stresses the importance of a well-built system quite like computer science.

Once the themes have been identified then there are predetermined tasks and techniques to finish the project as defined by the approved methodology of the organization. The second theme includes ways to determine the data necessary to produce the logical requirements specified by the organization. Due to assumptions made at the beginning of a project, if an unexpected circumstance complicates the development of a system, then it may stockpile into more complications down the road.

The Waterfall Method is a steady sequence of activity that flows in a downward direction much like its name. This traditional engineering process that closes each phase upon completion is often criticized for being too rigid. Some consider the structured nature of SDLC to be time and cost prohibitive. Improve the quality of the final system with verification at each phase. Provide developers a measure of control through the iterative, phased approach, which usually begins with an analysis of costs and timelines. Enterprise See how you can align global teams, build and scale business-driven solutions, and enable IT to manage risk and maintain compliance on the platform for dynamic work.

It is also used to let them know that at any time, steps can be repeated or a previous step can be reworked when needing to modify or improve the system. System Development Life Cycle – It is a process of creating information systems, and the models and methodologies that people use to develop these systems. The SDLC process was designed to ensure that end-state solutions meet user requirements in support of business strategic goals and objectives.

The data from the old system needs to be converted to operate in the new format of the newly developed system. The database needs to be set-up with security and recovery procedures fully defined. Planning – this phase begins after the project has been defined and appropriate resources have been committed. The first part of this phase involves collecting, defining and validating functional, support and training requirements. The second portion is developing initial life cycle management plans, including project planning, project management, Configuration Management , support, operations, and training management.

Everything starts by identifying stakeholders and their expectations from the project, before figuring out what is required to create and make sure the definition of what should be created is clearly agreed upon by all stakeholders. SDLC is a continuous process that begins from decision-making, and ends with a full deployment. There are several SDLC methodologies to choose from—each with its own pros and cons.